Manufacturing plants

Modern-day assembly work is more and more automated, leading to increasingly high quality demands. The remaining visual work tasks require an intelligent and ergonomic lighting solution to maintain worker satisfaction and performance.

Assembly halls come in many sizes, ceiling heights and with different production flows, ambient temperatures and varying degrees of automation. Lighting solutions for production halls need to be flexible to suit the needs of both automated work processes and detailed inspection work performed by people. Introducing lighting zones that are adaptable to different illuminance levels increases flexibility, as work processes may change rapidly.

Production hall employees have differing lighting needs. The solution can include dimmable task area lighting or additional luminaires where needed. Lighting requirements vary from the medium low illuminance levels in assembly halls and welding and forging areas to the higher levels required in precision machining and monitoring stations. Workstation lighting should be positioned above and slightly to the side of each workstation.

Linear or symmetrical LED industrial lighting products are the favoured option for production and assembly halls. Flexible systems that are easily adaptable to changes in work operations are the clear choice. A high IP rating is essential for use in dusty production hall environments. High-bay LED luminaires are suitable for areas with ceiling heights above 6 m.

Lighting requirements in EN 12464‐1

Industrial activities and crafts – Metal working and processing

Type of task / activity area

Lux-level (Em)

Glare rating (UGRL)

Uniformity
(U0)


Colour rendition
(Ra)


Em,z Em,wall Em,ceiling  Specific requirements

required modified U≥ 0,10
Open die forging 200 300 25 0,60 80 50 50 30  
Drop forging 300 500 25 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Welding 300 500 25 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Rough and average machining: tolerances > 0,1 mm 300 500 22 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Precision machining: grinding: tolerances < 0,1 mm 500 750 19 0,70 80 150 150 75  
Scribing: inspection 750 1000 19 0,70 80 150 150 100  
Wire and pipe drawing shops: cold forming 300  500 25 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Plate machining: thickness > 5 mm  200 300 25 0,60 80 50 50 30  
Sheet metalwork: thickness < 5 mm  300 500 22 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Tool making: cutting equipment manufacture  750 1000 19 0,70 80 150 150 75  
Assembly:
- rough
- medium
- fine
- precision

200
300
500
750
300
500
750
1000

25
25
22
19

0,60
0,60
0,60
0,70 

60
80
80
80
50
75
150
150
50
75
150
150
30
30
75
100
 
Galvanizing 300 500 25 0,60 80 75 75 30  
Surface preparation and painting  750 1000 25 0,70 80 150 150 100  
Tool, template and jig making, precision mechanics, micro-mechanics   1000 1500 19 0,70 80 150 150 100  

 

Industrial activities and crafts – Electrical and electronic industry

Type of task / activity area

Lux-level (Em)

Glare rating (UGRL)

Uniformity
(U0)


Colour rendition
(Ra)


Em,z Em,wall Em,ceiling  Specific requirements

required modified U≥ 0,10
Cable and wire manufacture 300 500 25 0,60 80 100 100 50  
Winding:
- large coils
- medium-sized coils
- small coils

300
500
750 

500
750
1000

25
22
19 
 
0,60
0,60
0,70
 
80
80
80

100
150
150

100
150
150

50
75
100
 
Coil impregnating  300 500 25 0,60 80 100 100 50  
Galvanizing 300 500 25 0,60 80 100 100 50  
Assembly work:
- rough. e.g. large transformers
- medium. e.g. switchboards
- fine. e.g. telephones, radios, IT equipment (computers)
- precision. e.g. measuring equipment, printed circuit boards

300
500
750
1000

500
750
1000
1500

25 
22
19
16

0,60
0,60
0,70
0,70 

80
80
80
80

100
150
150
150

100
150
150
150

50
100
100
100
 
Electronic workshops, testing, adjusting 1500  2000  16 0,70 80 150 150 100  

 

Industrial activities and craft – Vehicle construction and repair

Type of task / activity area

Lux-level (Em)

Glare rating (UGRL)

Uniformity
(U0)


Colour rendition
(Ra)


Em,z Em,wall Em,ceiling  Specific requirements

required modified U≥ 0,10
Press shop - large parts 300 500 25 0,60 80 100 50 30  
Press shop - visual inspection 500 750 22 0,60 80 150 50 30  
Body work and assembly - automatic line 300 500 25 0,60 80 100 50 30  
Body work and assembly - manual welding 500 750 22 0,60 80 150 50 30  
Painting, spraying chamber, polishing chamber 750 1000 22 0,70 80 150 150 30  
Painting, inspection, touchup and polishing 1000 1500 19 0,70 90 150 150 30 4000 K ≤ CCT ≤ 6500 K
Upholstery manufacture (manual)  1000 1500 19 0,70 80 150 50 30  
Detailing:
- Subparts assembly (doors, dashboard, upholstery)
- Underchassis assembly
- Motor and mechanical assembly
- Final assembly conveyor line
750 1000 22 0,70 80 150 50 30  
Detailing:
- Work with electronics
750 1000 22 0,60 90 150 50 30 4000 K ≤ CCT ≤ 6500 K for recognition of colours
Final inspection  1000 1500 19 0,70 90 150 150 30  
General vehicle services, repair and testing  500  750 22 0,60 80 100 50 30 Consider local lighting.

 

Industrial activities and crafts – Wood working and processing

Type of task / activity area

Lux-level (Em)

Glare rating (UGRL)

Uniformity
(U0)


Colour rendition
(Ra)


Em,z Em,wall Em,ceiling  Specific requirements

required modified U≥ 0,10
Automatic processing, e.g. drying, plywood manufacturing 50 - 28 0,40 40 - - -  
Steam pits 150 200 28 0,40 40 50 50 30  
Saw frame 300 500 25 0,60 60 100 100 50 Prevent stroboscopic effects.
Work at joiner's bench, gluing, assembly 300 500 25 0,60 80 100 100 50  
Polishing, painting, fancy joinery 750 1000 22 0,70 80 150 150 100  
Work on wood working machines. e.g. turning, fluting, dressing, rebating, grooving, cutting, sawing, sinking 500 750 19 0,60 80 150 150 75  Prevent stroboscopic effects.
Selection of veneer woods 750 1000 22 0,70 90 150 150 100 4000 K ≤ CCT ≤ 6500 K
Marquetry, inlay work 750 1000 22 0,70 90 150 150 100 4000 K ≤ CCT ≤ 6500 K
Quality control, inspection 1000 1500 19 0,70 90 150 150 100 4000 K ≤ CCT ≤ 6500 K

 

Traffic zones inside buildings

Type of task / activity area

Lux-level (Em)

Glare rating (UGRL)

Uniformity
(U0)


Colour rendition
(Ra)


Em,z Em,wall Em,ceiling  Specific requirements

required modified U≥ 0,10
Circulation areas and corridors 100 150 28 0,40 40 50 50 30 - Illuminance at floor level.
- Ra and UGR similar to adjacent areas.
- 150 lx if there are vehicles on route.
The lighting of exits and entrances shall
provide a transition zone to avoid sudden
changes in illuminance between inside and outside by day or night.
- Care should be taken to avoid glare to drivers and pedestrians.
Stairs, escalators, travolators 100 150 25 0,40 40 50 50 30 Illuminance at floor level.
Requires enhanced contrast on leading edge of the steps.
Elevators, lifts 100 150 25 0,40 40 50 50 30 Light level in front of the lift should be
at least Em = 200 lx.
Loading ramps/bays 150 200 25 0,40 40 50 50 -  

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